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Introduction The technology of semen cryopreservation effectively promotes the application of technologies including genetic resource conservation, zootechnical management, and artificial insemination ( However, the cold shock and alterations in atmospheric oxygen seriously led to biochemical, biophysical, ultrastructural, molecular, and functional alterations ( To ameliorate oxidative stress-related damage, the supplementations of antioxidants, including vitamins, coenzymes, exosomes, liposomes, nanomaterials and trace elements such as selenium (Se), copper, and zinc to semen extender have been widely conducted ( According to a previous study, the co-supplementation of vitamin E effectively ameliorates the low toxicity threshold of Se ( GSH, an endogenous antioxidant synthesized from different amino acids including glycine, cysteine, and glutamate, effectively inhibits oxidative stress-related damage and altered ROS production level (48), and boar (4952) spermatozoa by reducing oxidative stress-related damage
Semaglutide targets the GLP-1 receptor alone
Enhancing NAD+ levels may help boost energy, support brain health, improve sleep, promote healthier skin and maintain heart health
Acknowledgements This work was partially supported by National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program
