Utilities and disutilities associated with complications, including overweight, in the model are calculated based on corresponding HRQoL values identified in a review of utility values for economic modelling in type 2 diabetes [47,48,49,50,51], and disutilities associated with serious and non-serious hypoglycaemia events identified in a report [52] which was published after the main review article (Appendix Table 12)
Sleep patterns vary naturally between individuals, creating physiological variation in sleep, but pathological circadian misalignment also causes sleep disturbances, and it is difficult to differentiate these using sleep duration alone
He added that many adverse events appear similar to the side effects common to Ozempic and Wegovy
Once you treat it as a brain-based pattern rather than a personal failing, the right tools behavioral, medical, and sometimes pharmacological become far more effective