First, the amino acid tyrosine is converted to L -DOPA by tyrosine hydroxylase (TH)
This has led to interest in NAC for conditions like systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), where a small RCT found that NAC (2.4-4.8 g/day) improved disease activity scores and reduced anti-dsDNA antibody levels (Lai et al., Lupus, 2012) [42]
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In Arabidopsis, homologs of the Vps5p and VPS proteins are present, comprising three genes encoding SNX (SNX1, SNX2a, and SNX2b), three encoding VPS35 (VPS35a, VPS35b, and VPS35c), two encoding VPS26 (VPS26a and VPS26b), and one encoding VPS29