Melatonin is known to be synthesized in dermal and epidermal cells (112, 113) where it has critical functions in the protection of the skin from ROS/RNS induced by ultraviolet radiation exposure or chemical toxins (114)
The largest psychiatric safety meta-analysis to date found that GLP-1 medications were not associated with increased risk of serious psychiatric adverse events overall ( Pierret et al., JAMA Psychiatry, 2025 ), and a post-hoc analysis of the major semaglutide weight management trials found no differences in depression, suicidal ideation, or suicidal behavior compared to placebo ( Wadden et al., JAMA Internal Medicine, 2024 )
Sleep optimization is particularly important, as sleep deprivation elevates evening cortisol and disrupts normal diurnal rhythm
For functional enrichment analysis, enriched gene sets were determined by applying the same workflow used for RNA, using the R package gprofiler2 (v.0.2.0)