Obesity and insulin resistance, which commonly characterized this syndrome, prompted the design of studies investigating the effects of glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists (GLP-1RA) in PCOS
When the gene has either of these two variants, the resulting MTHFR enzyme is slightly less active, which can lead to lower levels of folate, and higher levels of homocysteine
The primary long-term considerations are GI tolerability (which tends to improve over time), liver function monitoring (berberine can occasionally elevate liver enzymes, particularly at higher doses), and the persistent CYP450 inhibition that requires ongoing awareness of medication interactions whenever the medication list changes
In a series of acute studies using euglycemic clamps, Kim and colleagues demonstrated that a glucagon agonist IUB288 leads to improved glucose tolerance by augmenting insulin action with evidence of increased hepatic AKT phosphorylation ( With chronic administration of glucagon-containing co-agonists, the catabolism of lean mass (i.e