Keren A, Shemer A, Ullmann Y, Paus R, Gilhar A (2015) The PDE4 inhibitor, apremilast, suppresses experimentally induced alopecia areata in human skin in vivo
A plethora of PASC clinical symptoms and related metabolic impairments indicate involvement of different pathobiological mechanisms such as (i) virus-induced hypoxia/Warburg effect, (ii) iron (Fe)-redox dysregulation (FeRD), (iii) m- Dys and altered bioenergetics, (iv) oxidative stress (OxS) and cellular damage, (v) immuno-pathogenesis and hyperinflammation, (vi) autoimmunity, (vii) dysbiosis, (viii) re-activation of latent pathogens, (ix) persistent viral reservoirs, and (x) viral-hijacked host cellular factors 22,27,137,138
Simple notes about subjective experience, objective measurements, and any concerns enable informed decisions about continuing, adjusting, or discontinuing individual components
Vague responses or reluctance to discuss quality sources are red flags